Learners differ widely in the ways they navigate and move through the physical environment, information, and activities. To reduce barriers to learning, it is essential to embed flexibility in the means for response, navigation, and movement. And along with this flexibility comes the need to reflect on biases and assumptions regarding these different means; it is important to honor the multiplicity of ways to engage and embody the learning process.

• Embed flexibility in the requirements for rate, timing, speed, and range of motor action required to interact with instructional materials, physical manipulatives, and technologies.
• Offer options for physically responding or indicating selections (e.g., alternatives to marking with pen and pencil, alternatives to mouse control).
• Offer options for physically interacting with materials by hand, voice, single switch, joystick, keyboard, or adapted keyboard.
• Embed flexibility into the design of the physical space (e.g., flexible seating and positioning, lighting, etc.)